Igqityelwe ukuvuselelwa ngoMatshi 17, 2024 ngu URoger Kaufman
Indlela yeMontessori: Indlela egxile kumntwana kwimfundo yobuntwana
Indlela yeMontessori yintanda-bulumko nenkqubo yemfundo esekelwe kwingcamango yokuba abantwana batyekele kwindalo yokufunda ngamava abo nezinto abazibhaqileyo.
Le ndlela yaphuhliswa ngumfundisi waseNtaliyane kunye nogqirha uMaria Montessori kwaye uye wazimisela kwihlabathi jikelele njengenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo kwimfundo yabantwana bokuqala.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuqwalasela ngakumbi i-Montessori Method kunye nemigaqo yayo, kunye nendlela ekhuthaza ngayo ukufunda kwabantwana, ukuphuhliswa kunye nokuphila kakuhle.
Iingcaphuno ezikhuthazayo zikaMaria Montessori malunga nemfundo, abantwana kunye nobomi
"Ndincede ndiyenze ngokwam." – uMaria Montessor
Oku mhlawumbi yeyona idumileyo Montessori Caphula kwaye ibonisa inkolelo yakhe yokuba abantwana bafanele bakhuthalele ukufunda.
"Abantwana banemibono ebhetele kuneyabantu abadala kuba abapheleliselwanga ngamava.” - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana banako ukuphuhlisa iingcamango zabo kunye ukuqamba Zivakalise ngaphandle kokuthintelwa ziimbono osele uzicingele.
"Abantwana bafana nabahloli abancinci abafumanisa eyona nto yehlabathi." - UMaria Montessori
UMontessori wabona abantwana njengabahloli bamazwe abanomdla ngamava abo kunye novavanyo ihlabathi jikelele ziphonononge kwaye uziqonde.
"Imfundo luncedo ebomini kwaye kufuneka incede ukuhamba nomntu kuphuhliso lwakhe." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa ukuba imfundo ayifanele isebenzise ulwazi kuphela, kodwa kufuneka incede nasekuphuhliseni isakhono somntwana ngamnye.
“Injongo yemfundo kukwenza umntwana akwazi ukuphila ngokuzimeleyo. - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba imfundo yomntwana kufuneka ijolise ekuboneleleni ngezakhono kunye nobuchule obuyimfuneko ukuze baphile ubomi obuzimeleyo nobanelisayo.
“Kufuneka sibabambe ngesandla abantwana sibakhokhelele kwixesha elizayo, kodwa masingabashiyi ngaphandle komdlalo. amehlo ulahlekelwe." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa ukuba kubalulekile Bantwana Ukunika umkhomba-ndlela kunye nokubanika imbono yekamva labo, kodwa basoloko beqinisekisa ukuba bagcina ukuzimela kunye nobuntu babo.
"Umntwana akafanele ajonge nje into eyenzekayo ngeenxa zonke kuye, kodwa kufuneka afunde ukuqonda oko akubonayo." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana akufuneki bathathe nje ulwazi, kodwa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nezenzo, kufuneka baqonde kwaye babe namava ehlabathi elibangqongileyo.
"Esona sipho sikhulu esinokusinika abantwana bethu kukubabonisa indlela yokuzimela." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa ukuba abazali nabafundisi banembopheleleko yokubonelela abantwana ngezakhono kunye nezibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukukhuthaza ukuzimela kunye nokuzimela kwabo.
“Imekobume ngokwayo ifanele ifundise umntwana oko amele kufundwe kuyo.” - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori ugxininise ukubaluleka kwendawo elungiselelwe ukufunda evumela abantwana ukuba bazenzele ezabo amava ukwenza nokukhuthaza umdla wabo wokwazi.
"I - Umntwana ngumakhi womntu.” - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana basebenza ngenkuthalo ekuphuhliseni kwabo kwaye bazenzele ngokwabo.
"Umphefumlo womntwana uyisitshixo kwindalo yonke." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wabona abantwana njengezidalwa zomoya ezinonxibelelwano kwindalo yonke kwaye ziyakwazi ukuqonda okunzulu kwaye ufumane ulwazi.
"I uthando ukufunda sesona sipho sibalaseleyo utitshala anokusinika umfundi.” - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori ugxininise ukuba uvuyo lokufunda nomdla wokwazi zizinto eziqhuba imfundo eyimpumelelo nokuba ootitshala mabawukhuthaze lo mnqweno.
"Masivumele umntwana afumane ihlabathi endaweni yokubanika ihlabathi esele lilungile." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori ugxininise ukubaluleka kokuzimisela kunye nokufumanisa ngokukhululekileyo ukufunda kwabantwana.
"Isandla somntu sesona sixhobo sibalaseleyo sophuhliso lwengqondo." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wabona isandla njengesixhobo esiphambili sokufunda kwaye wagxininisa ukubaluleka kwemisebenzi yezandla ekuphuhliseni ingqondo.
"Imfundo asiyonto utitshala ayinika umfundi, kodwa yinto ayifumanayo umfundi ngokwakhe." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba ukufunda yinkqubo esebenzayo apho umfundi adala imfundo yakhe.
"Kufuneka sizame ukuvusa ingqondo yomntwana, hayi umntu omdala." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa ukuba imfundo yabantwana kufuneka igxininise kuphuhliso lwabo kunye nehlabathi labo lamava, ngaphandle kwe kulwazi namava abantu abadala.
"Ubomi yintshukumo, intshukumo bubomi." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuhamba kunye nomsebenzi ekukhuleni kwabantwana kwaye wabona intshukumo njengento eyimfuneko ekufundeni.
“Imfihlelo yobuntwana kukuba yonke into yenzeka kwimeko-bume uthando kufuneka yenze." - uMaria Montessori
UMontessori wagxininisa Ukubaluleka kwenkxaso yeemvakalelo kunye nenkathalo yothando kuphuhliso yabantwana kwaye yabona iqhina phakathi komntwana nomntu omdala njengento engundoqo ekufundeni.
Ngaba kukho enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga noMaria Montessori?
UMaria Montessori, unomdla obalaseleyo ubuntu kwi-pedagogy, ushiye ilifa elingalibalekiyo eliqhubeka nokubumba ihlabathi lemfundo namhlanje.
Ifilosofi yakhe kunye nendlela yokusebenza, egxile ekufundeni kwabantwana ngokuzimela, iyiguqule indlela yethu. malunga nemfundo cinga uze uziqhelise.
Ukukunika isishwankathelo semiba ebalulekileyo yobomi kunye nomsebenzi kaMaria Montessori, nanga amanqaku aphambili:
- Indlela ejolise kumntwana: UMontessori wayekholelwa ekubalulekeni kokulungelelanisa ukufunda kwiimfuno kunye nomdla womntwana ngamnye. Indlela yakhe yokwenza izinto igxininisa ukubaluleka kokuzifumanisa nokufunda ngokwenza.
- Imekobume elungisiweyo: UMontessori uphuhlise iindawo zokufunda eziyilwe ngokukodwa ezivumela abantwana ukuba bakhethe ngokukhululekileyo kwaye babandakanyeke nezinto ezifanelekileyo kwinqanaba labo lophuhliso.
- Imfundo yoXolo: UMontessori wabona imfundo njengendlela yoxolo lwehlabathi. Wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana abakhuliswe ngentlonipho, ukuqonda kunye nokuzimela benza isiseko sehlabathi elinoxolo.
- Imfundo yobomi bonke: Ifilosofi kaMontessori igxininisa ukubaluleka kokufunda ubomi bonke kunye nokuqhubekayo uphuhliso lomntu.
- Ilifa elinempembelelo: Umsebenzi kaMontessori awuzange ube nempembelelo kwihlabathi lemfundo kuphela, kodwa nakwiindawo ezifana neengqondo zabantwana kunye nokunyamekela abantwana.
UMaria Montessori wayengengovulindlela wexesha lakhe kuphela, kodwa wayekwakhuthaza izizukulwana zootitshala, abazali nabafundisi kwihlabathi liphela. Umbono wakho wemfundo egxile kumntwana ukuba yendalo Ukuhlonipha ukufuna kwabantwana ulwazi kunye nokuzimela kuseyeyona nto iphambili kwiindlela eziqhubela phambili zemfundo.
Iingcaphuno ezili-18 ezikhuthazayo ezivela kuMaria Montessori (Ividiyo)
Iingcaphuno ezikhuthazayo ze-18 ezivela kuMaria Montessori | iprojekthi ngo https://loslassen.li
UMaria Montessori wayengomnye wabafundisi-ntsapho abanempembelelo kwinkulungwane yama-20 heute ukhuthaze abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Indlela kaMontessori awayiphuhlisayo iye yamelana novavanyo lwexesha lenkqubo yayo entsha nejolise kumntwana ekufundiseni abantwana.
UMaria Montessori naye wenza inani leengxelo eziphawulekayo kwimisebenzi yakhe enika ingqiqo enzulu kwifilosofi yakhe kunye neembono.
Kule vidiyo ndiqokelele i-18 yezona ngcaphuno zibalaseleyo kunye nezikhuthazayo ezivela kuMaria Montessori kwiYouTube eziza kusinika khuthaza, ukujonga ihlabathi ngokwembono yomntwana, yaye kusikhuthaza ukuba siphile ubomi obanelisayo nobunenjongo.
Ukuba uchukumisekile ziingcaphuno ezikhuthazayo zikaMaria Montessori, yabelana ngale nto yokuzonwabisa yonwabele nabahlobo bakho kunye nosapho.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba wonke umntu unokuzuza kwifilosofi elumkileyo kunye nenzulu kaMaria Montessori, ngokukodwa malunga nokubaluleka kwendlela egxile kumntwana kumzali kunye nemfundo.
Ungalibali ukuthanda le vidiyo kwaye wabelane ngayo kumajelo eendaba ezentlalo ukusasaza umyalezo kaMaria Montessori kwaye uncede abanye bakhuthazwe kwaye bakhuthazeke.
Fumana impembelelo kwaye wabelane ngezi mbono zixabisekileyo nabanye! #Izicatshulwa #ubulumko #ubulumko bobomi
umthombo:
I-Montessori inokwenza ntoni ngokuyeka ukuhamba
UMaria Montessori wagxininisa ukubaluleka "kokuvumela ukuhamba" ngokumalunga nokukhulisa abantwana.
Wayekholelwa ukuba yenzelwe abazali kwaye utitshala ubalulekile kukurhoxa ekulawuleni baze bavumele abantwana bazigqibele ngokwabo oko bafuna ukukufunda nendlela abafuna ukukufunda ngayo.
UMontessori wayekholelwa ukuba ngokwemvelo abantwana banomdla kwaye banomdla kwaye okona kulungileyo xa bekwazi ukulawula ukufunda kwabo.
Ngokuvumela abazali nabafundisi-ntsapho ukuba bahambe baze banike abantwana inkululeko nendawo, abantwana banokufikelela kwisakhono sabo esipheleleyo nesabo Yandisa ukuzithemba kunye nokuzimela.
Lo mgaqo we Ukuziyeka kunokuchaphazela nezinye iinkalo zobomi esetyenziswayo, ngakumbi ngokunxulumene nophuhliso nokukhula komntwana kunye nasekukhuleni komntu omdala.
FAQ ngoMaria Montessori:
UMaria Montessori waziwa ngantoni?
UMaria Montessori wayengumfundisi-ntsapho wase-Italiya kunye nogqirha owaziwayo ngomsebenzi wakhe kwinkalo yemfundo yobuntwana. Waphuhlisa indlela yeMontessori esekelwe kwingcamango yokuba abantwana banotyekelo lwendalo lokufunda ngamava abo kunye nezinto abazifumeneyo.
Yiyiphi indlela yeMontessori?
Indlela yeMontessori yifilosofi yemfundo kunye nokuziqhelanisa egxile ekufumaneni nasekuphuhliseni izakhono zendalo zabantwana. Yindlela egxile emntwaneni ekhuthaza ukufunda ngamava nangokuprakthiza, igxininisa indima katitshala njengomkhi-mkhanyo nomxhasi.
Indlela yeMontessori yahluke njani kwiindlela zemfundo zemveli?
Indlela kaMontessori yahlukile kwiindlela zokufundisa zemveli kuba yona ijolise kumntwana egxininisa kwiimfuno zomntwana ngamnye, izinto anomdla kuzo nobuchule bakhe. Indlela yeMontessori ikwagxininisa ukufunda ngamava kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo, ukunika abantwana inkululeko engakumbi kunye nokuzimela ukuba balawule ukufunda kwabo.
Ithini indima katitshala kwindlela kaMontessori?
Kwindlela kaMontessori, utitshala udlala indima exhasayo kwaye usebenza njengombonisi kunye nesikhokelo senkqubo yokufunda. Utitshala ubonelela abantwana ngamathuba kunye nezixhobo ezivuselela umdla wabo nomdla, kwaye uyabakhuthaza ukuba bazenzele izigqibo kwaye bakhokele ukufunda kwabo.
Isetyenziswa njani indlela yeMontessori namhlanje?
Indlela yeMontessori isetyenziswa namhlanje kwii-kindergartens, izikolo kunye namanye amaziko emfundo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kukho nabazali abaninzi abasebenzisa ifilosofi kaMontessori ekhaya ukubonelela ngendawo yokufunda yendalo kunye nenkxaso kubantwana babo.
Indlela yeMontessori ibachaphazela njani abantwana?
Indlela yeMontessori ibonakaliswe ukuba inefuthe elihle kubantwana ngokuphucula izakhono zabo zokuqonda, iimvakalelo kunye nentlalontle. Abantwana abafumana i-Montessori Method bahlala benokuzithemba okuphezulu kunye nokuzithemba, bazimeleyo kwaye banomdla, kwaye banokuqonda ngakumbi ngehlabathi elibangqongileyo.
Yintoni enye endiyifunayo malunga noMaria Montessori?
UMaria Montessori wazalwa ngo-Agasti 31, 1870 eChiaravalle, eItali waza wafa ngoMeyi 6, 1952 eNoordwijk aan Zee, eNetherlands.
Wayengomnye wabasetyhini bokuqala e-Italiya ukufundela ubugqirha kwaye wayekwangumkhankaseli okhutheleyo wamalungelo abasetyhini.
UMontessori waseka iCasa dei Bambini yakhe yokuqala (iNdlu yaBantwana) eRoma ngo-1907 kwaye kubo bonke ubomi bakhe wayekhankasela imfundo engcono yabantwana.
Upapashe iincwadi ezininzi malunga neendlela zakhe zokufundisa kwaye unike neentetho ezininzi kunye neendibano zocweyo ukuze abelane ngefilosofi yakhe kwaye akhuthaze abanye.
Ilifa lakhe kwihlabathi lezemfundo lisabaluleke kakhulu namhlanje kwaye lisaqhubeka liphembelela ootitshala, ootitshala nabazali kwihlabathi liphela.
Nazi ezinye iingongoma ezibalulekileyo malunga noMaria Montessori:
- Waphuhlisa indlela yakhe yokufundisa esekwe kuqwalaselo lwabantwana kunye nomdla wabo wendalo kunye nokuzimisela ukufunda.
- UMontessori wagxininisa ukubaluleka kokusingqongileyo ekufundeni kwabantwana kunye nokudala ngqo Izixhobo kunye nefenitshala yabantwana ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwabo.
- Wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana kufuneka bafunde ngcono "ngomsebenzi wamahhala," apho banokuthi bazenzele izigqibo kwaye baphishekele iimfuno zabo.
- UMontessori naye wayengumxhasi omkhulu woxolo kunye nokubandakanyeka koluntu kwaye waseka i-Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) njengenxalenye yokuzibophezela kwakhe kwihlabathi elingcono.
- Indlela yeMontessori iye yafumana ukuthandwa kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye isetyenziswa kwizikolo ezininzi nakwii-kindergartens.
- Indlela yeMontessori igxininisa Ukuphuhliswa komntu wonke umntwana, kubandakanywa imiba yokuqonda, yentlalo, yeemvakalelo kunye neyomzimba.
- UMontessori waba nguvulindlela kwimfundo equkayo, egxininisa ukubaluleka kokungafani komntwana ngamnye kunye neemfuno.
UMaria Montessori: Iziseko ze-pedagogy yakhe
