Igqityelwe ukuhlaziya ngo-Agasti 13, 2023 ngu URoger Kaufman
Nanku umfanekiso ohlekisayo we "Americanization" yolwimi lwesiJamani:
Inkqubo yemihla ngemihla ngesiDenglish:
- U-Klaus waseJamani uvuka ekuseni kwaye kuqala uhlolisise ii-imeyile zakhe kwi-smartphone yakhe.
- Kwisidlo sakusasa sinesmoothie kunye nesandwich kuba i-muesli iphumile.
- Uyabaleka kwaye alandele inkqubela yakhe nge-app yakhe yokomelela.
- Uqala ngokuba nentlanganiso emsebenzini, emva koko kufuneka enze iminxeba embalwa.
- Ngesidlo sasemini uodola ibhega enesonka samasi esongezelelweyo kunye neCoke enkulu.
- Uzipholela kwigumbi lokuphumla umzuzwana phambi kokuba agqibezele uhlaziyo lomthengi wakhe.
- Emva komsebenzi udibana nabahlobo bakhe kwindawo yentselo kwaye babukele umdlalo wamva nje kumabonakude kunye.
- Ngaphambi kokuba alale, ubukela uthotho lwenkonzo yokusasaza.
- Ucinga ukuba: “Enyanisweni, ndisasithetha kakuhle isiJamani, akunjalo?”
Ewe, oku kukuzibaxa kwaye ayingawo onke amaJamani asebenzisa i-anglicisms kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kodwa ibonisa ngendlela ehlekisayo ukuba aqine kangakanani amagama esiNgesi kwi deutsche sprache zibandakanyiwe. 😄
“Ulwimi lwesiJamani” olutsha lwase-Amerika kulwimi lwesiJamani – lwalunjani ngelo xesha?
"I-Americanization" yolwimi lwesiJamani - edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "Denglish" - yinto eyenzeka apho iintetho zesiNgesi kunye nezakhiwo zingeniswa kwaye zixutywe ekusebenziseni isiJamani. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo:
- ihlabathi: Ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye nenkcubeko kuthetha ukuba iilwimi ziyasebenzisana. Ukusukela IsiNgesi njenge lingua franca Kwiindawo ezininzi, amagama esiNgesi adla ngokusetyenziswa kwezinye iilwimi.
- Inkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe: Uninzi lwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso luvela kumazwe antetho isisiNgesi. Amagama anjengokuthi "ikhompyuter", "i-smartphone", "i-intanethi" okanye "ukukhuphela" ibe yinxalenye yesigama sesiJamani.
- Intengiso kunye neNtengiso: Kubantu abaninzi, amagama esiNgesi avakala njengeyangoku, eyintsha namazwe ngamazwe. Yiyo loo nto zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiintengiso ukwenza iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi.
- Inkcubeko kunye namajelo eendaba: umculo, iifilimu kunye nochungechunge ukusuka e-USA zithandwa kakhulu eJamani. Ngenxa yoko, amagama namabinzana esiNgesi athandwa kwaye abe yinxalenye yolwimi lwemihla ngemihla.
- ukubunjwa: Ewe IsiNgesi sisifundo esisisinyanzelo kuninzi lwamaJamani ezikolweni, amaJamani amaninzi aqhelene nolwimi lwesiNgesi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha alusebenzisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kodwa kukho ukugxekwa kolu phuhliso:
- Abanye boyika ukuba ulwimi lwaseJamani luya “kugalelwa amanzi” kwaye luphulukane nobuni balo.
- Abanye bagxeka ukuba iDenglish ihlala ingafuneki xa ii-equals zaseJamani sele zikhona. Ngokomzekelo, unokusebenzisa igama elithi “imfonomfono” endaweni yelithi “iselfowuni.”
- Ngamanye amaxesha ukusetyenziswa kweDenglish kukhokelela ekungaqondani kuba Intsingiselo ngesiNgesi kunye nesiJamani yahlukile.
Ngaphandle kokugxekwa, ulwimi lululwakhiwo oluphilayo oluhlala luguquka. Kunjalo ke natürlich, ukuba iilwimi ziyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yempembelelo yezinye iilwimi.
I-Americanization yolwimi lwesiJamani-okanye inkcubeko yentetho-ayisiyonto yanamhlanje okanye ngomso.
Isiganeko esilula kudala saba sisiganeko, umbhiyozo wepati.
Zombini zenzeka ikakhulu kwindawo enye.
Ngaba amagama angaphandle ngabasebenzi beendwendwe zaseJamani ulwimi?
Iindwendwe ngabantu okanye isihlwele. Kwaye kutheni ulapho?
Ukuzipholela (ukuhlala phantsi) okanye ukungcangcazela (dance) okanye ngentetho encinci.
Kwaye usela iziselo kwaye utye i-snacks kwaye eneneni usaziva kulula okanye upholile ngayo.
Ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi, kunjalo, kwaye akukho nto inokutshiwo ngokuchasene nayo.
Indawo ezolileyo ngolwimi lwesiJamani
Kwaye nokuba ndiyagula kwindawo yokutyela e-Upper Basel kwaye umnyango uthi "Gents" njengesiqabu, ndenza njengento eqinisekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokucinga kabini.
Nye i-alteren Kodwa izinto zazahlukile kwinenekazi.
Njengoko ndikhubeka ndiphuma kwindawo encinci (okanye indawo) esandul' ukukhankanywa, uphantse wabaleka ezingalweni zam.
Imilenze yakhe eqinisiweyo ingqina ukungxamiseka kwemfuneko engadingi kuchazwa ngakumbi.
Ndiyambona, ndibona iingcango ezimbini ezithi "Ladies" kunye ne "Gents", ndimbona kwakhona, ukujonga kwakhe okuphelelwe lithemba, imibuzo - kwaye uyayiqonda.
Ndincume ndikhomba umnyango wamanenekazi.
Uphinde ancume ebulela kunye neentlungu - kwaye ndiyabaleka.
Ukubuyela etafileni kunye ne-schnitzel yam ndiyacinga: IsiNgesi esincinci yonke indawo!
Emva koko ndiyazibuza: Kuba ndiphume kwigumbi lamadoda; Ngaba loo nto ibingamele imbeke endleleni efanelekileyo?
noba kutheni. Ulwimi luyatshintsha nje. namhlanje Ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo zivela kwiimpahla zabanye abantu.
Okanye ngaba ookhokho bethu baye kwindlu yangasese kwi-pavement?
Umthombo: Lucas Huber Oberbaselbieter Zeitung
Akukho ndlu yangasese fun
Ngoko, kwindlu yangasese? Ubusazi apho?
Okanye ewe lieber I-WC?
Uhlala uyifumana phi iMelika yolwimi lwesiJamani?
Kumaphepha eendaba kunye nezopolitiko, okanye nabantwana, i Ukwenziwa kolwimi lwaseJamani lwaseMelika isigqibo.
Nantsi eminye imizekelo emihle yokwenziwa kolwimi lwaseJamani lwaseMelika:
Amagama aseJamani angabonakaliyo:
- Idada lerabha
- amaqanda aqhuqhiwe
- Izigidi ezihlanu zamakhulu amahlanu anamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu
- ibhokisi yematshisi
Elona gama lide kulwimi lwesiJamani
Umbuzo woqikelelo: zingaphi iileta ezinazo? elona gama lide kulwimi lwesiJamani?
Elona gama lide lika Ulwimi lwesiJamani kuphela unoonobumba abangama-79, kulungile?
Ngokunyaniseka, awukwazi ukulenza libe lifutshane igama?
Elona lide Ilizwi lesiJamani ulwimi lu:
Ukuchongwa kweenkomo ukuleyibheli kwenyama yokubeka iliso ekudluliselweni komsebenzi umthetho okanye ukuthuthwa komphunga eDanube umbane ongundoqo wokwakhiwa kwedepo yoluntu olusemthethweni
Ngaba uyazi ukuba amagama athi: neologisms, internationalisms, anglicisms athetha ntoni, okanye yintoni i-deoxyribonucleic acid?
Ungasifumana isisombululo ngezantsi: FAQ Americanization of the German language
Wathini uMark Twain malunga nolwimi lwesiJamani:
"Nabani na ongazange afunde isiJamani akazi ukuba lubhidekisa njani olu lwimi." wabhala UMark Twain kwisincoko sakhe esihlekisayo kodwa esikhanyisela ngo-1880, Ulwimi olubi lwesiJamani,
"Kukho izinto ezingafaniyo kwimigaqo kunemizekelo."
Umbhali obalaseleyo waseMelika wazama ukufunda ulwimi lwethu lweenkobe ngexesha lohambo oluya eHeidelberg ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
Wayephelelwe lithemba ngamatyala angaziwayo ngesiNgesi, isabelo esingekho ngqiqweni sesini kwizinto ezingaphiliyo, apho ulwimi lwakhe lweenkobe lwalusazi kuphela-ingqiqo - "it" ("it"), kunye nethuba elihlala liphelile ngesiJamani lokudibanisa izibizo ngokungapheliyo. umgca wenze esitsha - ngakumbi ubude bezivakalisi, apho inxalenye yesenzi, ekwangafaniyo nesiNgesi, ifumaneka ekupheleni kwesivakalisi.
Ubuncinci le yokugqibela itshintshile kule minyaka iyi-100 idlulileyo: Kwisiqingatha sesibini sesenzi, umfundi kusafuneka abe nomonde de kube sekupheleni kwesivakalisi - kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nexesha likaTwain, ayisathathwa njengophawu olukhulu. imfundo, ukwenza izigwebo zenyoka ezinde ngokulusizi.
Namhlanje kuthathwa njengesitayela esilungileyo ukufikelela kwinqanaba ngokufutshane nangokufutshane-olunye uphawu lwamaJamani ahlala kuyo. ezinye iinkcubeko idla ngokubonwa ngokukhwankqiswa.
Nangona yonke into, uMark Twain wema kwiJamani-American Freundschaft kuba ukufunda ulwimi, nokuba kuphumelele okanye akuphumeleli, kusoloko kukhuthaza ukuqonda enye inkcubeko.
umthombo: uLwesihlanu
Izicatshulwa ngokubanzi malunga nolwimi kunye nophuhliso lwalo
“Ulwimi asilolifa, kodwa kukufumana.” -Ludwig Wittgenstein
"Imida yolwimi lwam ithetha imida yehlabathi lam." -Ludwig Wittgenstein
“Xa sifunda ulwimi olutsha, siba nomphefumlo omtsha.” – isaci Czech
"Ucinga ngolwimi olunye kuphela, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuthetha ngolwimi lwasemzini, akufuneki ucinge." - Franz Kafka
"Ulwimi olwahlukileyo luyimbono eyahlukileyo yobomi." – Federico Fellini
I-FAQ: Ukwenziwa kwaseMelika kulwimi lwesiJamani
yintoni loo nto
Die Injini yokukhangela i-loos: I-loos yindawo ecocekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuqokelela okanye ukulahla umchamo womntu kunye nelindle. Izindlu zangasese zinokugungxulwa okanye zingagungxulwanga. Bekuthethwa ngokuphoxayo 😂😂😂
Yintoni neologism?
I-neologism yindalo entsha yamagama. I-Neologisms yintetho yolwimi esandula ukwenziwa yamagama amatsha okanye izinto. Imizekelo: Elona laziwa kakhulu mhlawumbi www = World Wide Web, okanye ibrunch = igama elitsha elisuka kwinkulungwane ye-19 elichaza isidlo phakathi kwesidlo sakusasa nesasemini.
Yintoni na Ii-Anglicism?
La ngamagama esiNgesi. Ii-Anglicisms nazo zifumene indlela yazo kulwimi lwethu lwesiJamani iminyaka emininzi. Umzekelo: iindaba, umoya ovulekileyo, opholileyo, ama-soutouts, iiteki, imigulukudu njl. Ii-Anglicism kutshanje nazo bezisoloko zidibana kwezopolitiko.
Yintoni i-internationalisms?
I-internationalism ligama elikhoyo kwiilwimi ezininzi ezinentsingiselo efanayo okanye ephantse ifane kunye nemvelaphi. Igama libizwa ngokufanayo kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo kwaye libhalwe ngokufanayo okanye ngokufanayo kwaye ke liyaqondakala kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Ke wonke umntu eThailand uyaqonda xa ekhangela
yangasese iyabuza.
Ithetha ntoni i-deoxyribonucleic acid
I-Deoxyribonucleic acid, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-DNA ngokufutshane, yi-nucleic acid eyenziwe ngee-deoxyribonucleotides ezahlukeneyo. Ithwala ulwazi lwemfuza kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo kunye neentsholongwane ezininzi. ¨
Umthombo: Wikipedia
