Mafungu emvura akanakisa

Yakapedzisira kugadziridzwa muna Chivabvu 25, 2022 na Roger Kaufman

Masaisai emvura negungwa zvinomiririra kusaziva

Mwari Neptune, murume ane ndebvu ane katatu muruoko rwake, anoratidzwa mugomba, achiperekedzwa nema dolphin, hunhu hwake hunosanganisira kudengenyeka kwenyika nemadutu, pamwe chete negungwa rakadzikama.

mvura ndiwo mavambo oupenyu hwose.

Mvura ndeyechokwadi, asi sezvatinoziva inogona mvura kuve nemhedzisiro inoparadza nekuda kwemhedzisiro yemamiriro ekunze uye mamwe mamiriro, kunyungudutsa zvinhu nekuzvishambidza kure.

Mafungu emvura, kukwira nekudzika kunogara kunoratidza kusakwana - kuenderera, kutsamwa - shungu zvose kuparadzwa nekuvandudzwa.

Mwari wegungwa Neptune

Nei gungwa riine masaisai emvura?

Der ocean haisati yakamira.

Tingave kubva kumahombekombe kana kuti kubva muchikepe, tinotarisira mafungu emvura ari pamusoro.

Mafungu anogadzirwa nesimba rinoyerera mumvura, richiifambisa mukufamba kwedenderedzwa.

Zvakadaro, mvura hainyatso kufamba mumafungu. Tumira masaisai simba, kwete mvura, mhiri kwegungwa uye kunyange kana vasina kudziviswa nechimwe chinhu, vane mukana wokuita rwendo nomugungwa rose.

Masaisai anowanzokonzerwa nemhepo.

Mafungu anofambiswa nemhepo kana masaisai epamusoro anokonzerwa nekukweshana kuri pakati pemhepo nemvura yepamusoro.

Kana mhepo ichivhuvhuta pamusoro pegungwa kana dhamu, nyonganiso yenguva dzose inogadzira mafungu.

Mhando idzi dze Masaisai ari mugungwa rakashama pasi rose pamwe chete nomumhenderekedzo yegungwa.

Yakakwana paradhiso yegungwa nzvimbo, jecha jena mafungu emvura

Masaisai anogona kukuvadza anogona kukonzereswa nemamiriro ekunze akashata sechamupupuri.

Mhepo ine simba pamwe chete nemhepo kushushikana Rudzi rwechamupupuri rwakanyanya urwu runokonzeresa tornado wave, nhevedzano yemafungu marefu anokura kubva kumahombekombe mumvura yakadzama uye anokwira sezvaanoswedera panyika.

Zvakasiyana Vamwe Masaisai asina kuchengetedzeka anogona kukonzerwa nekuvhiringwa kwepasi pemvura kunokurumidza bvisa huwandu hwemvura, hwakadai sekudengenyeka kwenyika, kuondomoka kwevhu kana kuputika kwemakomo.

Masaisai marefu aya anonzi tsunami. Dutu rinoputika uye tsunami haasi iwo marudzi emafungu aunofunga pamhenderekedzo.

Masaisai aya anoumburuka mumhenderekedzo yegungwa semvura yakakura uye anogona kusvika kure kure.

Kukwezva kwe chiedza chezuva uye mwedzi paNyika inokonzerawo masaisai. Aya masaisai maitiro kana, kungotaura, masaisai emvura.

Ipfungwa isiriyo yakajairika kuti tidal bore zvakare tsunami.

Kwainobva masaisai emvura haina hukama nemaitiro emamiriro ezvinhu asi inogona kuitika mune chero mhando yetidal state.

Mafungu anotumira simba, kwete mvura, uye anowanzo kukonzerwa ne mhepo yakakonzeresa, iyo inorova pamusoro pegungwa, madhamu uyewo nzizi.

Masaisai anokonzerwa nekukweva kwemwedzi nezuva anonzi mafambiro.

Kukwira nekudzika kwemafungu nemafambiro ndiwo simba rehupenyu hwegungwa redu repasi rose.

Mafungu emvura anoumba sei?

Mafungu makuru emvura - mwaka

Vhidhiyo iyi yedrone yakatorwa maminetsi mashoma pamberi peBritish big wave internet mushandisi Andrew Cotton akarekodha wave mukurumbira wakakuvadza musana wake, ndokuzomuendesa kunzvimbo yehutano.

Mhepo mune iyi Videoclip yakatorwa pavhidhiyo seimwe huru pachirongwa, uye musevha angangosvika panzvimbo chaipo, sezvo zvaizonetsa kutiza wave wave iwoyo uyezve kukwira zvakanaka, kununura kungadai kwakaoma zvakanyanya pane izvi. ruzivo nezve nzvimbo yePraia do Norte.

"Chitatu Chikuru," Mbudzi 8, 2017, rinoramba riri zuva rakakura kwazvo rakanyorwa panguva yemwaka mukuru wemafungu muPortugal. Mafungu akakosha anotarisirwa kurova mahombekombe ePortugal mwaka usati wapera pakati paKurume 2018.

Mhenderekedzo yegungwa kuPraia do Norte, padhuze nemusha wekuredza weNazaré, yakabata masaisai akakosha, tichifunga kuti muna 2011, maererano negwaro iri, Hawaiian web surfer Garrett McNamara akaisa mafungu makuru kwazvo akambosefa paakasvika Rode 78 tsoka wave wave. .

Kubva ipapo, nzvimbo iyi yakakwezva vafambi vakati wandei kubva kwakasiyana siyana kwakakomba zviitiko zvemitambo.

Masaisai emvura anofema

Mafungu ndeimwe yeakanakisa uye anofema natural sensations. Achitarira nomugungwa, munhu anogona kuona masaisai akawanda kusvika paunogona kuona chiono.

Vanogara vachiita basa - vanosimuka, vanoenda mberi, vanopfapfaidza pakati pavo, vanorasikirwa nekuita kwavo vobva vasimuka zvakare.

Iwo mubairo kunakidzwa uye zvakare nani kune Fun.

Ndicho chikonzero nei vanoenda kumahombekombe nevewebhu vanoshanyira mahombekombe egungwa asingafadze kana vasingafadze. Hongu, iwe wakandinzwa zvakanyanya!

Funga nezvemahombekombe asina masaisai.

Jecha nemvura zvichava zvose zvaungadai wakasiya, izvo zvingava ... zvakanaka ... zvinofinha!

Masaisai egungwa ndechimwe chezvishamiso zvechisikigo zvinokatyamadza zvinotikurudzira. Zvisinei, pane mhando dzakasiyana yemafungu anogadzirwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze.

Nepo aya mafungu akadzikama uye akakura achiwanikwa panguva dzakajairwa, vese vanoenda kumhenderekedzo yegungwa uye mawebhusaiti vanogutsikana.

Nekudaro, iri idambudziko kune vafambisi vezvikepe, kunyangwe kana aya monster villain mafungu kazhinji achitungamira kune kwaakabva.

Saizvozvowo, kune masaisai maduku kunyange mumvura yakadzikama.

Mvura inofamba ichiita denderedzwa sezvo simba rinogadzirwa neimwe pressure richiyerera nemumvura.

Mafungu egungwa anokura sei chaizvo?

Sezvambotaurwa, kune huwandu hwemafungu uye masimba ari shure kwavo akasiyanawo. Chimwe chezvinonyanya kukonzera masaisai egungwa imhepo.

Mafungu anofambiswa nemhepo, anonziwo mafungu epamusoro, anogadzirwa nekukweshana kuri pakati pemvura yepamusoro nemhepo.

Kana mhepo ichivhuvhuta pagungwa, pamusoro payo panoita simba regiravhiti pachikamu chepasi chemhepo. Izvi zvinobva zvaita kuti layer iri pamusoro idhonzwe kusvika yasvika pamusoro.

Nemhaka yokuti kukweva kwesimba regiravhiti kwakasiyana muchikamu chimwe nechimwe, mhepo inofamba nemwero wakasiyana.

Iyo yepamusoro inotenderera uye inogadzira chiitiko chedenderedzwa. Izvi zvinogadzira kudzika kwakadzika kumberi uye kukwira kumusoro kuseri kwepamusoro, zvichiita masaisai.

Zvakadaro, kune masaisai emvura anokonzerwa nekukwezva kwezuva uye mwedzi zvinogadzirwa panyika.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti tidal wave imvura isina kudzika, kwete mafungu emvura.

Kunyange zvazvo masaisai ari pamusoro apa asina kuchengetedzeka mumigumisiro yawo, kune masaisai ane ngozi anosanganisira tsunami anokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa akaita sechamupupuri, dutu remunzvimbo dzinopisa pamwe chete netututu nedzimwe njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga dzinokonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika, kukoromoka kwevhu pamwe nekuputika kwemakomo.

Masaisai anonyanya kukanganisa (anonzi mavibrations) kunze kwemvura anogona kuumba pamhando dzese dzemvura dzakaita semakungwa, nyanza, nzizi uye kunyange madziva.

Kunyange zvazvo masaisai achibva kune imwe mhando yedzvinyiriro yokunze, chaizvoizvo isimba rinodzoreredza iro riri mukati mvura inopesana nekukanganisika kunoitika.

Dzinoita sedzinotakura zvese mvura nezvimedu pazvinochinja. Zvisinei, kune zvakawanda kwazviri kupfuura zvinooneka.

Kutaura zvazviri, masaisai isimba rinoyerera nomumvura, zvichiita kuti mvura ifambe ichitenderera.

Kana iwe wakanyatsoona ndege yemvura ichimhanya ichipinda mumafungu, masaisai anokwevera chikepe kumusoro nekumberi, achiitenderedza ichitenderedza, uye ipapo ndege inodzokera panzvimbo yayo yepakutanga.

Uhu humbowo hwakakwana hwekuti masaisai haaiti kuti mvura ifambe zvakanyanya, asi ingori kuratidzwa kwekufambiswa kwesimba rekinetic pamusoro pemvura.

Vamwe vangapikisa kuti vainyatsoona masaisai aifamba uye achipararirawo kumahombekombe.

Izvi zvinoitika nekuti divi rakatenuka remahombekombe rinopa kupikisa uye rinoderedza pasi pemasaisai. Izvi zvinogadzira kusaenzana uye chikamu chepamusoro chemafungu kana crest chinowira kumberi uye zvakare chinopararira pamahombekombe.

Mushure mekunge maona kuti masaisai anomiririra kufamba kwesimba, mubvunzo unomuka wekuti masaisai anowanepi simba rawo rondedzera.

Nepo mhepo dziri pakati nepakati dzichivhuvhuta pamusoro pemvura dzichigona kuburitsa masaisai epamusoro, mamiriro ekunze akashata akadai semadutu nemadutu anoburitsa mhepo dzakadzikama uye kazhinji masaisai makuru anogona kunge asina kuchengetedzeka.

Zvimwe zvakashata zvechisikigo zvakaita sekudengenyeka kwepasi pemvura, kudonha kwevhu kana kuputika kwemakomo zvinogona kutungamira mukuunganidzwa kukuru kwemafungu anozivikanwa setsunami, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukuvadza kusingafungidzirwe kune ecology yegungwa uye zvakare kune vagari vevanhu panzvimbo inokonzeresa.

Masaisai anogonawo kukonzerwa nezvinoitika zvinogara zvichiitika zvechisikigo zvakaita semafungu.

Mafungu anonyanya kuiswa muzvikamu nekugadzirwa kwawo, simba rawo, uye maitiro avo. Pazasi isu zvirokwazvo nzira dzakasiyana tarisa masaisai egungwa uye kuti akaumbwa sei.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafungu emvura

Sezvatotaurwa, masaisai egungwa akaiswa muzvikamu zvichienderana nekukura kwavo uye maitiro. Chikamu chinowanzoshandiswa chemafungu egungwa chinoenderana nenguva yemafungu.

Heano marudzi ose akasiyana-siyana emafungu egungwa.

Mafungu anoputika

Mafungu anokuvadza anoitika kana masaisai awira pachayo. Kutsemuka kwemafungu epamusoro pemvura kunoitika chero pamusoro pemvura ine munyu.

Zvakadaro, kupaza kwemafungu epamusoro pemvura kunonyanya kucherechedzwa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, sezvo mafungu marefu anowanzo wedzerwa munzvimbo dzisina kudzika dzemvura.

Sezvo masaisai anosvika kumahombekombe, chimiro chavo chinoshanduka nekuda kwekupokana kwenzvimbo yakatenuka yegungwa.

Nzvimbo yegungwa inotadzisa kufamba kwechigadziko (kana kuti chimwiro) chesaisai, nepo chinotungamira chikamu (kana crest) chinofanira kufamba nekumhanya kwachinojaira.

Naizvozvo, masaisai anotanga kusendama mberi sezvaanoswedera kumahombekombe zvishoma nezvishoma.

Pane imwe nguva iyo kutsika kwehuwandu hwemafungu kunosvika 1: 7, crest inofamba kubva kune inononoka-inofamba-famba, uye iyo yose inowira inowira pairi pachayo, nokudaro inogadzira mafungu anokuvadza.

Mafungu anokuvadza anogonawo kukamurwa zvakananga mumhando ina.

Kudururwa kwemvura

Aya masaisai anozivikanwa zvakare semadhaka mafungu mubeachgoer terminology uye anokura kana pasi pegungwa pari munyoro.

Kana mhenderekedzo yegungwa ichidzika zvishoma, simba remafungu rinobviswa zvishoma nezvishoma, crest inowedzera kuvigwa uye masaisai manyoro anoumbwa.

Aya mashaft anoda akawanda kana achienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi Edza kutyora.

Mafungu anonyudza

Kana masaisai akafamba panzvimbo yakatenuka kana kuti pasi pegungwa rakaoma, chikamu chesaisai chinotinhira uyewo chinobata homwe yemhepo iri pasi.

Nokudaro, masaisai anowanzo kusunungurwa sezvaanosvika pamateru emahombekombe, uye simba rose remasaisai rinoparara pachinhambwe chipfupi. Naizvozvo, masaisai ekudhivha anogadzirwa.

Aya masaisai akajairwa nemhepo dzekumahombekombe, ane simba rakanyanya uye anofamba nekukurumidza, izvo zvinogona kuratidza kukuvadza kune vasina mhosva vanoenda kumhenderekedzo yegungwa uye masurfer zvakare.

Ivo zvakare vakonzeresa kuparara kunoshamisa uye deposition.

Kusimuka kwemafungu emvura

Anomuka apo masaisai makuru anosvika kumahombekombe uye ane chikamu chakakwirira. Dzinofamba nekumhanya kukuru uyezve hadzina crest.

Kunyange zvazvo achiita seakachengeteka nokuti haaputsike semamwe masaisai, anogona kuva nengozi nokuda kwekugezwa kwemusana kwakasimba (kudhonza kana kusveta) kwakabatana nawo.

Mafungu emvura anodonha

Iwo musanganiswa wemafungu anodonha nekusimuka. Chitubu chayo chinotsemuka zvachose uye chikamu chezasi chinovawo kumusoro nekudzika uye chinodonha uye chikava mvura chena.

Mafungu emvura yakadzika

Mafungu emvura yakadzika, sekureva kunoita zita, anotangira uko kudzika kwemvura mugungwa kwakakosha uye hakuna zvakare mhenderekedzo yegungwa yekudzivisa basa ravo.

Nehunyanzvi kutaura, dzinoitika munzvimbo dzekudzika kwemvura kunodarika hafu yewavelength yemafungu.

Kumhanya kwemasaisai ibasa rewavelength yesaisai. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masaisai ane urefu hurefu hwesaisai anofamba nemitengo iri nani achipikisana nemasaisai ane hurefu hupfupi.

Iwo chaiwo masaisai akawanda ewavelengths akasiyana akaturikidzana pamusoro pemumwe kuti aumbe masaisai akakura akabatanidzwa.

Vanofamba zvose zviri zviviri marefu uye akananga uye vane simba rakakwana rekufamba madaro akakura zvikuru kupfuura mamwe masaisai akasiyana-siyana akadai semafungu anokuvadza.

Iyo yakakosha causative pressure isimba remhepo, iro rinogona kubva kumhepo dzemuno kana kure. Ivo vanonzi zvakare Stockesche mafungu kana mafungu mapfupi.

Mafungu emvura asina kudzika

Masaisai aya anotangira pakadzika pasi pemvura.

Vanowanzo tora rwendo mumvura dzine hudzamu huri pasi pe 1/20 yewavelength yemafungu.

Zvisinei, kusiyana nemafungu emvura yakadzika, kukurumidza kwesaisai hakuna chokuita newavelength yemafungu, uye kumhanya ibasa remvura yakadzika.

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti masaisai ari mumvura isina kudzika anofamba nekukurumidza kupfuura masaisai ari mumvura yakadzika.

Asi, sipidhi yacho yakaenzana nekwakabva kwakapetwa kakapetwa kaviri kwechigadzirwa chekudzika kwemvura uye nekumhanya nekuda kwegiravhiti.

Velocity = √ (g. Kudzika) (g = giravhiti rinoramba riripo, 9,8 m / s2; D = kudzika mumamita).

Anonziwo masaisai eLagrange kana masaisai marefu.

Aya masaisai anogona kuva nesarudzo yezvinokonzeresa. Kune mhando mbiri dzemafungu emvura epamusoro atinowanzosangana nawo.

Tidal waves

Zvinokonzerwa nekushushikana kwenyeredzi sekukwezva kwezuva uye zvakare Nyika pamusoro pemvura yegungwa.

Unogona kufunga nezvemaitiro akaderera uye epamusoro sekuyambuka wave nenguva yemaawa gumi nemaviri.

Tsunami

Tidal wave is a ChiJapanese Shoko, sezvo Japan zvichida ndiyo nyika inowanzobatwa nemafungu emvura. Mazwi okuti 'Tsunami' anoona kuti ndiko kwakabva mumazwi maviri akasiyana; 'tsu', iyo inoratidza port, uye 'nami', iyo inoratidza wave.

Saka inoenderana ne "mafungu echiteshi". Ruzhinji rwetsunami (kusvika 80%) nekuda kwekudengenyeka kukuru kwepasi pemvura.

Iyo 20% yasara inokonzerwa nekudonha kwepasi pemvura, kuputika kwemakomo uye kunyange meteor kukanganisa. Dzinofamba nekumhanya kwakanyanya, saka dzinokuvadza uye dzinokuvadza.

Anoonekwa semafungu emvura asina kudzika nekuti tsunami wavelength yakajairwa yakareba mazana emamaira kureba, semuenzaniso mamaira mazana mana (anenge 400 km), nepo pasi pegungwa pakadzika mamaira manomwe (anenge 644 km) kudzika.

Kudzika saka kwakaderera zvakanyanya pane 1/20 yewavelength, sezvakatsanangurwa kare.

Inshore mafungu

Hukuru hwemasaisai aya hushoma pane hudzamu hwemvura yaanopinda, izvo zvinoderedza kukurumidza kwemasaisai.

Izvi zvinoguma nekuderera kwewavelength uye kuwedzera kwehurefu, pane imwe nguva kuputsa masaisai.

Masaisai aya anodonhedza mahombekombe semushure memvura.

Mafungu emvura yomukati

Ndivo mamwe makuru Mafungu mugungwa, asi zvisingaonekwe kunze nekuda kwekukura kwavo mukati memvura yemukati.

Mvura yegungwa inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana, sezvo kunyange mvura ine munyu uye inotonhora ichiita kunyura pazasi pemvura isina munyu, inodziya.

Kana iyo interface iri pakati peaya hunhu akaturikidzana ichikanganiswa nekuda kwemasimba ekunze senge tidal chiitiko, mafungu emukati anogadzirwa.

Kunyangwe iwo akafanana mukuenderana uye chimiro kumafungu epamusoro, anofamba achiyambuka dzimwe nyika uye anosvika pakakwirira zvinokatyamadza kana arova nyika.

Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, masaisai makuru anozivikanwa emukati anogadzirwa muLuzon Strait muSouth China Sea (anenge mamita 550 kumusoro).

Kelvin mvura inovhuvhuta

Kelvin masaisai mafungu makuru ayo anokonzerwa nokushaikwa kwemhepo inotenderera muPacific. Vakafukunurwa naSir William Thompson (vakazonzi Lord Kelvin).

Kelvin masaisai imhando yakasarudzika yemafungu egiravhiti anokanganiswa nekutenderera kwePasi uyezve kuequator kana kudivi rakati twasa. Miganhu zvakadai semahombekombe kana makomo anosanganisirwa.

Kune mhando mbiri dzemafungu eKelvin - coastal uye equatorial. Mafungu ose ari maviri anofambiswa negiravhiti uye asingaparadziri.

Mafungu emvura emazuva ano

Kune yemazuva ano wave, iyo amplitude yakaenzana nemapoinzi ese uye zvakare ine orbital simba rekuyerera.

Mune mamwe mazwi, imhando yemafungu umo reshiyo yeukoshi hwekukurumidza pane imwe inoratidza kuti pane chimwe chinhu chinogara chiripo.

Kune marudzi matatu emafungu emazuva ano akadai serengitudinal, transverse uye orbital waves.

Mafungu emudziyo weropa

Mafungu eCapillary anoonekwa nekuchenjerera semafungu ari muchimiro chawo. Simba rekudzorera rinobatanidzwa ndiro capillarity, i.e. H. kumanikidzwa kwekubatanidza kunobata zvidimbu zvemvura pamwechete pamusoro pegungwa.

Chimiro chavo chakanyanya kumonereka chinogadzirwa nemhepo dzakareruka uye mhepo yakadzikama inovhuvhuta nekumhanya kwakaderera kweanosvika 3 kusvika 4 metres pasekondi uye inokurudzirwa kureba kwemamita gumi pamusoro pemvura.

Common wavelengths isingasviki 1,5 cm uye nguva isingasviki 0,1 masekonzi.

Sokutaura kwakaita purofesa ane mukurumbira woruzivo rwomugungwa Blair Kinsman muchinyorwa chake Wind Waves (1965), “mafungu e<em>capillary ndiwo mafungu enguva pfupi zvikurusa pamwe chete neyokutanga kucherechedzwa pamusoro pegungwa apo mhepo inotanga kuvhuvhuta.”

“Vanotaridzika kunge makumbo emunhu katsi, izvo zvinotsemura pamusoro pemvura yakati chechetere.”

Mafungu emvura akaputsika

Masaisai akatsemuka achifamba mumvura isina kudzika sezvaanoswedera kumahombekombe uye nharaunda inoderedza simba resaisai uye inokonzera kutendeuka.

Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa pedyo nemawere uye mabays.

Mafungu emvura asina kudzika

Seiche mafungu, kana kungoti seiche (inodudzwa kuti 'sayh'), masaisai akamira anobva mumvura yakaganhurirwa kana kuti ine zvishoma.

Mafungu akamira anogona kazhinji kuitika mumhando ipi neipi yemvura yakavharirwa kana yakavharirwa mvura.

Kana mvura ichidzika nekudzoka mudziva rekutuhwina, tabhu yemvura, uye kunyange girazi remvura, ihosha padiki padiki.

Pamwero mukuru, iwo anoumba mumativi ose ari maviri mabheji nemadziva makuru.

Seiches inomuka kana kukurumidza kugadzirisa mumhepo yemhepo kana mhepo ine simba mvura manikidza uye kuita kuti iungane muchikamu chemuviri wemvura.

Apo simba rekunze rinozomira, mvura yakaungana inodzokera shure simba kudzokera kune rimwe divi remvura yakavharirwa.

Uku kutenderera kwemvura nguva dzose, pasina kupa chero kupikiswa, kunogara kwenguva yakareba, kazhinji maawa akawanda kana zvimwe mazuva akati wandei pakupera.

Izvo zvinogona zvakare kukonzereswa nechamupupuri kumberi, masaisai emvura kana kudengenyeka kwepasi muzviteshi zvegungwa kana masherufu egungwa.

Seiches inowanzotsanangurwa zvisizvo kune maitiro.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti nguva yenguva yemafungu musiyano pakati Iyo yakakwirira (peak) uye yakaderera (yakaderera) inogona kusvika maawa 7-8, iyo inofananidzwa nenguva yenguva yemafungu mazhinji.

Kunyangwe izvo zvinokonzeresa zvingave zvakafanana kune ese mafungu e seiche uye masaisai emvura, seiches akasiyana zvakanyanya netsunami.

Seiches anonyanya kumira masaisai ane nguva refu yekutenderera uye anoitika kunyange mumvura yakavharwa, nepo tsunami ari mafungu anofambira mberi anowanzoitika mumahara. mvura tora nzvimbo.

9 mafungu makuru echikara akabatwa pane kamera