Mafunde okongola kwambiri amadzi

Zasinthidwa komaliza pa Meyi 25, 2022 ndi Roger Kaufman

Mafunde amadzi ndi nyanja zikuyimira chikomokere

Mulungu Neptune, munthu wandevu ndi katatu m'manja, wojambulidwa mu chipolopolo, limodzi ndi dolphin, makhalidwe ake monga zivomezi ndi mikuntho, komanso nyanja bata.

madzi ndiye chiyambi cha zamoyo zonse.

Madzi amakhala opanda kanthu, koma monga tikudziwira, amatha madzi kukhala ndi zotsatira zowononga chifukwa cha zochitika za nyengo ndi zochitika zina, kusungunula zinthu ndi kuzitsuka.

Mafunde amadzi, kukwera ndi kutsika kosalekeza kumayimira kusakwanira - kupitiliza, kukwiya - changu zonse kuwononga ndi kukonzanso.

Mulungu wa nyanja Neptune

N'chifukwa chiyani nyanja ili ndi mafunde amadzi?

Der nyanja palibe pano.

Kaya timachokera m’mphepete mwa nyanja kapena m’ngalawa, timayembekezera mafunde a madzi m’chizimezime.

Mafunde amapangidwa ndi mphamvu yoyenda m'madzi, ndikuyiyendetsa mozungulira.

Komabe, madzi samayenda kwenikweni m’mafunde. kutumiza mafunde mphamvu, osati madzi, kuwoloka nyanja ndipo ngakhale asatsekeredwa ndi kalikonse, ali ndi mwaŵi wa kuyamba ulendo wodutsa m’chigwa chonse cha nyanja.

Mafunde nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mphepo.

Mafunde oyendetsedwa ndi mphepo kapena mafunde apamtunda amayamba chifukwa cha kukangana kwapakati pa mphepo ndi madzi apamtunda.

Mphepo ikawomba pamwamba pa nyanja kapena nyanja, kusokonezeka kwanthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mafunde.

Mitundu iyi Mafunde ali m'nyanja yotseguka padziko lonse lapansi ndi kugawidwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Wangwiro paradaiso gombe powonekera, woyera mchenga mafunde madzi

Mafunde omwe angawononge amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi nyengo yoopsa ngati chimphepo chamkuntho.

Mphepo zamphamvu komanso kupanikizika Mtundu wa mvula yamkuntho yoopsa imeneyi imayambitsa mafunde a tornado, mndandanda wa mafunde aatali omwe amayambira kutali ndi gombe m'madzi akuya kwambiri komanso amakula pamene akuyandikira kumtunda.

Zosiyanasiyana andere mafunde osatetezeka angayambe chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa madzi pansi pa madzi komwe kumachotsa madzi ambiri mwachangu, monga zivomezi, kugumuka kwa nthaka kapena kuphulika kwa mapiri.

Mafunde aatali amenewa amatchedwa tsunami. Kuwomba kwa mkuntho ndi tsunami si mitundu ya mafunde omwe mumaganiza kuti akugunda gombe.

Mafunde amenewa amayenda m’mphepete mwa nyanja ngati madzi aakulu kwambiri ndipo amatha kufika mtunda wautali kwambiri kumtunda.

Chokopa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mwezi padziko lapansi amayambitsanso mafunde. Mafundewa ndi kachitidwe, kapena kungoyika chabe, mafunde amadzi.

Ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amawadziwa kuti mafunde amadzi ndi tsunami.

Magwero a mafundewa samakhudzana kwenikweni ndi zomwe zikuchitika koma amatha kuchitika mumtundu uliwonse wa mafunde.

Mafunde amatumiza mphamvu, osati madzi, komanso nthawi zambiri amanyamulidwa Wind zoyambitsa, zomwe zimagunda panyanja, nyanja komanso mitsinje.

Mafunde oyambitsidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka ya mwezi ndi dzuŵa amatchedwa masinthidwe.

Kukwera ndi kutsika kwa mafunde ndi zomwe zikuchitika ndiye mphamvu yamoyo panyanja yathu yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi mafunde amadzi amapangidwa bwanji?

Mafunde aakulu a madzi - nyengo

Kanema wa drone uyu adajambulidwa patangopita mphindi zochepa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti waku Britain Andrew Cotton ajambule funde lodziwika bwino lomwe lidawononga msana wake ndikumutumiza kuchipatala.

Mafunde mu izi Videovidiyoyi idajambulidwa ngati imodzi mwazambiri kwambiri pagawoli ndipo wosambirayo ayenera kuti adafika pamalo oyenera chifukwa fundeli lingakhale lovuta kupitilira komanso kukwera bwino kupulumutsa kukanakhala kovutirapo kwambiri pazomwe zili ku Praia do Norte. .

"Lachitatu Lachitatu", 8 November 2017, likadali tsiku lalikulu kwambiri lolembedwa ku Portugal panthawi ya mafunde aakulu omwe alipo. Mafunde ofunikira kwambiri akuyembekezeka kugunda gombe la Portugal nyengo isanathe pakati pa Marichi 2018.

Mphepete mwa nyanja ku Praia do Norte, pafupi ndi mudzi wa asodzi wa Nazaré, wafika chifukwa cha mafunde akulu, potengera kuti mu 2011, malinga ndi chikalatachi, wofufuza pa intaneti waku Hawaii Garrett McNamara adakhazikitsa mafunde akulu kwambiri omwe adasefukirapo pomwe adakwera mafunde 78.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, derali lakopa anthu angapo okonda masewera osiyanasiyana.

Mafunde amadzi ndi ochititsa chidwi

Mafunde ndi amodzi mwa okongola kwambiri komanso opatsa chidwi zachilengedwe zomverera. Kuyang’ana m’nyanjamo munthu akhoza kuona mafunde ambiri mpaka pamene masomphenyawo angazindikire.

Amakhala muzochita zokhazikika - kukwera, kuyenda, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kutaya ntchito ndikudzukanso.

Iwo ndi mphoto kusangalala ndi bwino Zosangalatsa.

Ndi chifukwa chake oyenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi oyenda pa intaneti amayendera magombe osasangalatsa anyanja kapena osasangalatsa. Inde, munandimva bwino!

Ganizirani za gombe lopanda mafunde.

Mchenga ndi madzi zidzakhala zonse zomwe mukanasiya, zomwe zikanakhala ... ... zotopetsa!

Mafunde a m’nyanja ali m’gulu la zinthu zodabwitsa zachilengedwe zimene zimatidabwitsa. Komabe, alipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana mafunde opangidwa kutengera nyengo.

Ngakhale mafunde abata ndi akuluwa amatha kupezeka pakapita nthawi, onse oyenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso oyenda pa intaneti amakhutitsidwa.

Komabe, ili ndi vuto kwa oyendetsa sitima, ngakhale ngati mafunde a zilombozi nthawi zambiri amatsogolera ku chiyambi.

Mofananamo, mafunde ang'onoang'ono amapezekanso m'madzi abata.

Madzi amayenda mozungulira ngati mphamvu yopangidwa ndi zovuta zina imayenda m'madzimo.

Kodi mafunde a m'nyanja amakula bwanji?

Monga tanenera kale, pali mafunde angapo ndipo mphamvu zomwe zili kumbuyo kwawo ndizosiyana. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa mafunde a m'nyanja ndi mphepo.

Mafunde oyendetsedwa ndi mphepo, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mafunde apamtunda, amayamba chifukwa cha kukangana kwapakati pa madzi pamwamba ndi mphepo.

Mphepo ikawomba panyanja, pamwamba pake pamakhala mphamvu yokoka pamtunda wapansi wa mphepo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti wosanjikiza womwe uli pamwambapa ugulidwe mpaka utafika pamwamba.

Popeza kuti mphamvu yokoka imasiyana m’gawo lililonse, mphepo imayenda pa liwiro losiyana.

Gawo lapamwamba limazungulira ndikupanga ntchito yozungulira. Izi zimapanga kutsika kwapansi kutsogolo ndi kumtunda kwapamwamba kumbuyo kwa pamwamba, kupanga mafunde.

Komabe, pali mafunde amphamvu obwera chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka ya dzuŵa ndi mwezi kupangidwa padziko lapansi.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mafunde amadzi ndi mafunde osaya kwambiri, osati mafunde amadzi.

Ngakhale kuti mafunde omwe ali pamwambawa sali otetezeka pa zotsatira zake, pali mafunde owopsa kuphatikizapo tsunami chifukwa cha nyengo yoopsa monga mphepo yamkuntho, mphepo yamkuntho yotentha pamodzi ndi twister ndi masoka ena achilengedwe chifukwa cha zivomezi, kuphulika kwa nthaka komanso kuphulika kwa mapiri.

Mafunde kwenikweni ndi zosokoneza (zotchedwa oscillations) kunja kwa madzi zomwe zimatha kupanga pamitundu yonse yamadzi monga nyanja, nyanja, mitsinje ngakhale nyanja.

Ngakhale kuti mafunde amachokera ku mtundu wina wa mphamvu yakunja, kwenikweni ndi mphamvu yobwezeretsa, yomwe ili mkati mwake madzi amalimbana ndi kusokonezeka komwe kumachitika.

Zikuwoneka kuti zimanyamula madzi ndi tinthu tating'ono pomwe tikuyenda. Komabe, pali zambiri kwa izo kuposa momwe tingathere.

Ndipotu mafunde ndi mphamvu yoyenda m’madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azisuntha mozungulira.

Ngati mwayang'anitsitsa luso lomwe likuyendetsa mafunde, mafundewa amagwetsa bwato mmwamba ndi kutsogolo, ndikulizungulira, ndiyeno lusolo lidzabwerera kumalo ake oyambirira.

Uwu ndi umboni wokwanira kuti mafunde samapangitsa kuti madzi ayende kwambiri, amangowonetsa kutengera mphamvu ya kinetic pamadzi.

Ena angatsutse kuti anaona mafunde akuyenda komanso kumwazikana m’mphepete mwa nyanja.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa mbali yotsetsereka ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja imapereka kukokera ndikuchepetsa pansi pa mafunde. Izi zimabweretsa kusalingana, ndipo pamwamba pa funde kapena crest imagwera kutsogolo komanso imabalalika pagombe.

Atakhazikitsa kuti mafunde akuyimira kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu, funso limakhala loti mafunde amatenga mphamvu zawo kuchokera kuti fotokozani.

Ngakhale kuti mphepo yamkuntho yowomba pamwamba pamadzi imatha kupangitsa tinthu ting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'ono, nyengo yoopsa monga mvula yamkuntho ndi mvula yamkuntho imatulutsa mphepo yosasunthika komanso mafunde akulu omwe amakhala osatetezeka.

Zochitika zina zoyipa zachilengedwe monga zivomezi za pansi pa madzi, kugumuka kwa nthaka kapena kuphulika kwa mapiri atha kuchititsa kuti mafunde achulukane omwe amadziwika kuti tsunami omwe angayambitse kuwonongeka kosaneneka kwa zachilengedwe zam'madzi komanso kwa anthu okhalamo.

Mafunde amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi zochitika zachilengedwe zomwe zimapitilirabe monga mafunde.

Mafunde amagawidwa makamaka ndi mapangidwe awo, mphamvu, ndi zochita. M'munsimu ife ndithudi njira zosiyanasiyana za mafunde a m’nyanja komanso mmene amapangidwira.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafunde amadzi

Monga tanenera kale, mafunde a m'nyanjayi amagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi kukula kwawo ndi khalidwe lawo. Mafunde a m'nyanja omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amatengera nthawi ya mafunde.

Nawa mitundu yonse yosiyanasiyana ya mafunde am'nyanja.

mafunde akusweka

Mafunde ovulaza amapangidwa pamene fundeli likugwera pa lokha. Kugawanika kwa mafunde a pamwamba pa madzi kumachitika paliponse pamwamba pa madzi amchere.

Komabe, njira yodziwika bwino yowonera mafunde akusweka ndi pagombe, popeza kutalika kwa mafunde kumakulitsidwa m'malo osaya kwambiri.

Pamene mafunde akuyandikira kumtunda, mbiri yawo imasintha chifukwa cha kukana kwa nyanja yotsetsereka.

Mphepete mwa nyanja imalepheretsa kuyenda kwa maziko (kapena mbiya) ya mafunde, pamene gawo lotsogolera (kapena crest) liyenera kuyenda mofulumira.

Choncho, mafundewa amayamba kutsamira kutsogolo pamene akuyandikira kumtunda pang'onopang'ono.

Pa nthawi yomwe chiŵerengero cha transconductance cha mafunde chimafika pa 1: 7, chiwombankhangacho chimachoka pamtunda woyenda pang'onopang'ono, komanso funde lonselo limadzigwera lokha, motero kupanga mafunde ovulaza.

Kuphatikiza apo, mafunde owopsa amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu 4.

Kuthira madzi okhetsa

Mafundewa amadziwikanso kuti mafunde amatope m'mawu oti beachgoer, mafundewa amakula pansi panyanja pakakhala pang'ono.

Mphepete mwa nyanjayo ikatsetsereka pang’ono, mphamvu ya mafundewa imathetsedwa pang’onopang’ono, chigawocho chikusefukira pang’onopang’ono, ndipo mafunde ochepa kwambiri amatuluka.

Mafundewa amafunikira zambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina nthawi kuswa.

mafunde osambira

Mafunde akamadutsa pamtunda wopendekeka kwambiri kapena wolimba, mafundewo amanjenjemera ndipo amatsekereza thumba la mpweya pansi pake.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mafundewo amatha kutha akafika pamalo otsetsereka a m’mphepete mwa nyanjayo, ndipo mphamvu zonse za mafundewa zimatheratu chifukwa cha mtunda waufupi kwambiri. Choncho, mafunde osambira amapangidwa.

Mphepo za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mafundewa amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso akuyenda mwachangu, zomwe zitha kukhala zovulaza anthu oyenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso oyenda panyanja.

Zimayambitsanso kusungunuka kosaneneka ndikuyika.

Mafunde amadzi okwera

Amawuka pamene mafunde akulu amagunda magombe ndipo amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Amayenda pa liwiro lapamwamba komanso alibe crest.

Ngakhale amawoneka otetezeka chifukwa samasweka ngati mafunde ena osiyanasiyana, amatha kukhala owopsa chifukwa champhamvu yakumbuyo (kukoka kapena kuyamwa) komwe kumakhudzidwa.

Mafunde Akugwa

Iwo ndi osakaniza a mafunde akugunda ndi kukwera kwa mafunde. Mphuno yake imasweka kotheratu ndipo mbali yapansiyo imakwera ndi pansi ndikugwa ndikusanduka madzi oyera.

mafunde amadzi akuya

Mafunde amadzi akuya, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, amachokera kumene kuya kwa madzi m'nyanja kuli kofunika, ndipo palibe m'mphepete mwa nyanja kutsutsa ntchito yawo.

Mwaukadaulo, amapanga m'malo omwe kuya kwamadzi kumakhala kopitilira theka la kutalika kwa mafunde.

Kuthamanga kwa mafunde ndi ntchito ya kutalika kwa mafunde. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafunde aatali akuyenda pamitengo yabwinoko kuposa mafunde amfupi afupiafupi.

Ndi mafunde ambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amapangidwa pamwamba kuti apange mafunde okulirapo ophatikizana.

Onse ndi aatali komanso olunjika paulendo ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuyenda mtunda wautali kwambiri kuposa mafunde ena osiyanasiyana monga mafunde owopsa.

Mphamvu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mphamvu yamphepo, yomwe imatha kubwera kuchokera ku mphepo zam'deralo kapena zakutali. Amatchedwanso mafunde a phulusa kapena mafunde amfupi.

mafunde amadzi athyathyathya

Mafunde amenewa amayamba pamene kuya kwa madzi kumakhala kosazama kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri amayenda m'madzi akuya osakwana 1/20th kutalika kwa mafunde.

Komabe, mosiyana ndi mafunde a madzi akuya, kuthamanga kwa mafunde sikukugwirizana ndi kutalika kwa mafunde, ndipo liwiro ndi ntchito ya kuya kwa madzi.

Izi zikusonyeza kuti mafunde a m’madzi osaya amayenda mofulumira kuposa mafunde a m’madzi akuya.

M'malo mwake, liwiro lake ndi lofanana ndi gawo lalikulu lachinthu chakuya kwamadzi ndi liwiro chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka.

Liwiro = √(g. kuya) (g = mphamvu yokoka yosasintha, 9,8 m/s2; D = kuya mu mita).

Amatchedwanso mafunde a Lagrange kapena mafunde aatali.

Mafundewa amatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafunde apamadzi omwe timakumana nawo.

mafunde amphamvu

Amachokera ku zovuta zakuthambo monga mphamvu yokoka ya kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso Maiko pa madzi a m’nyanja.

Mutha kuganiza zamayendedwe otsika komanso apamwamba ngati kuwoloka mafunde a maola 12.

Tsunami

mafunde akuyaka Japanese Mawu akuti Japan mwina ndiye dziko lomwe lakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafunde amadzi. Mawu akuti 'tsunami' amatanthauza kuti ndi chiyambi cha mawu awiri osiyana; 'tsu', doko losonyeza, ndi 'nami', kusonyeza mafunde.

Chifukwa chake, zimafanana ndi "mafunde a doko". Matsunami ambiri (pafupifupi 80%) amabwera chifukwa cha zivomezi zazikulu za pansi pa madzi.

20% yotsalayo imayamba chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi pansi pa madzi, kuphulika kwa mapiri komanso kukhudzidwa kwa meteoric. Amayenda mothamanga kwambiri, motero amakhala owopsa komanso ovulaza.

Amawerengedwa m'mafunde osaya kwambiri chifukwa kutalika kwa tsunami nthawi zonse kumakhala kutalika kwa mailosi mazana angapo, kunena kuti 400 miles (pafupifupi 644 km), pomwe pansi panyanja ndi kuya kwa 7 miles (pafupifupi 11 km).

Kuzama ndikocheperako kwambiri kuposa 1/20th ya kutalika kwa mafunde, monga tafotokozera kale.

mafunde akunyanja

Kukula kwa mafundewa ndi kochepa poyerekeza ndi kuya kwa madzi omwe amalowa, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa mafunde.

Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa kutalika kwa mafunde ndi kuwonjezeka kwa msinkhu, potsirizira pake kuswa mafunde.

Mafundewa amakhetsa gombe ngati chimbudzi.

mafunde amadzi amkati

Ndinu m'modzi mwa akulu kwambiri mafunde m'nyanja, koma osazindikirika kuchokera kunja chifukwa cha kukula kwawo m'madzi amkati.

Madzi a m'nyanja amapangidwa ndi zigawo, monga momwe amachitira mchere wambiri, komanso ozizira kwambiri, madzi amatha kumira pansi pa madzi opanda mchere komanso ofunda.

Pamene mawonekedwe apakati pazigawo zamtunduwu amasokonekera chifukwa cha mphamvu zakunja monga zochitika zamafunde, mafunde amkati amapangidwa.

Ngakhale kuti amafananizidwa ndi mafunde apansi panthaka, amadutsa maiko ena ndipo amafikanso pamalo okwera akafika pamtunda.

Malinga ndi ofufuza, mafunde aakulu kwambiri odziwika amkati amapangidwa mu Luzon Strait ku South China Sea (pafupifupi mamita 550 mmwamba).

Kelvin madzi mafunde

Mafunde a Kelvin ndi mafunde aakulu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kayendedwe ka mphepo ku Pacific. Adavumbulutsidwa ndi Sir William Thompson (kenako adadziwika kuti Lord Kelvin).

Mafunde a Kelvin ndi mtundu wapadera wa mafunde amphamvu yokoka omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kuzungulira kwa dziko lapansi komanso ku equator kapena mowongoka. Malire monga magombe kapena mapiri.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafunde a Kelvin - mafunde a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi equatorial. Mafunde onsewa ndi oyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yokoka komanso osabalalitsa.

Mafunde amakono amadzi

Kwa mafunde amakono, matalikidwewo ndi ofanana ndi mfundo zonse komanso ali ndi kayendedwe ka orbital mphamvu.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi mtundu wa mafunde omwe chiŵerengero cha mtengo waposachedwa pa chimodzi chimasonyeza kuti ndizokhazikika pazifukwa zina zilizonse.

Pali mitundu itatu ya mafunde amakono monga mafunde otalika, opingasa ndi ozungulira.

mafunde otengera magazi

Mafunde a capillary amawonekera mosamala ngati mafunde mu chimango chawo. Mphamvu yobwezeretsa yogwirizana ndi capillarity, i. H. kukakamiza komangiriza komwe kumasunga tinthu tating'ono ta madzi pamwamba pa nyanja.

Mapangidwe awo opiringizika kwambiri amapangidwa ndi mphepo yopepuka komanso mphepo yabata yomwe imawomba mothamanga kwambiri pafupifupi 3 mpaka 4 metres pamphindikati komanso kutalika kwa 10 metres pamwamba pamadzi.

Mafunde odziwika bwino ndi ochepera 1,5 cm ndi nthawi yochepera masekondi 0,1.

Monga momwe ananenera pulofesa wodziŵika bwino wa sayansi ya zakuthambo, Blair Kinsman, m’nyuzipepala yake Wind Waves (1965), “mafunde a capillary ndi mafunde okhala ndi nyengo yaifupi kwambiri ndipo ndiwo oyamba kuwonedwa panyanja pamene mphepo iyamba kuwomba. ."

"Zikuwoneka ngati zikhadabo za a mphaka, kung’amba malo osalala a madziwo.”

Mafunde Osweka

Mafunde osweka akuyenda m'madzi osaya akamayandikira gombe ndipo wamba amachepetsa mphamvu ya mafunde ndikuyambitsa kutembenuka.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa pafupi ndi matanthwe ndi magombe.

Mafunde a madzi a Seiche

Mafunde a Seiche, kapena kungoti seiche (kutchedwa 'sayh'), ndi mafunde oima omwe amachokera m'madzi otsekeka kapena osatsekeka pang'ono.

Mafunde oyimirira amatha kuwuka mumtundu uliwonse wamadzi otsekedwa kapena otsekedwa.

Madzi akamayenda uku ndi uku m’dziwe losambira, m’bafa, ngakhalenso kapu yamadzi, amagwidwa pamlingo wocheperapo kwambiri.

Pamlingo wokulirapo, amapanga ponse pawiri m'malo otsetsereka komanso m'nyanja zazikulu.

Kugwedezeka kumachitika pamene kusintha kwachangu mumlengalenga kapena mumlengalenga mphepo yamphamvu madzi kukakamiza ndi kupangitsa kuti aunjikane m'mbali mwa madzi.

Mphamvu yakunja ikatha, madzi osonkhanitsidwawo amabwereranso motheka mphamvu kubwerera ku mbali ina ya madzi otsekedwa.

Kugwedezeka kokhazikika kwa madzi kumeneku, popanda chilichonse chopereka kukana, kumapitilira kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri maola angapo kapena mwina masiku angapo kumapeto.

Zitha kuyambitsidwanso ndi mphepo yamkuntho, mafunde amphamvu kapena zivomezi m'madoko am'nyanja kapena mashelufu am'nyanja.

Seches nthawi zambiri amatanthauziridwa molakwika chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika.

Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa nthawi yopumira kusiyana pakati okwera (pamwamba) ndi (otsika) amatha kukhala maola 7-8, zomwe zimafanana ndi nthawi yochepa yamafunde ambiri.

Ngakhale kusinthika kwazomwe zimayambitsa kutha kukhala kofanana pa mafunde a seiche ndi mafunde amadzi, kugwedezeka kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi tsunami.

Ziphuphu zimakhala ndi mafunde oyimirira omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yozungulira ndipo amapezekanso m'madzi otsekedwa, pamene tsunami ndi mafunde opita patsogolo omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwaulere. madzi kuchitika.

9 mafunde akulu akulu agwidwa pa kamera